Difference between Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus
Point of distinction | Diabetes mellitus | Diabetes insipidus |
Characteristics | Hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar level), glycosuria(glucose in urine), polyuria (excessive urine), polydipsia(excessive thirst), polyphagia(excessive appetite) | Excretion of large quantity of dilute glucose free urine, polydipsia (excessive thirst) and dehydration |
Disease caused due to | It is due to deficiency of insulin | It is due to failure of secretion of Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin |
Glycourea (excretion of sugar in urine) | Sugar is excreted in urine | Sugar is not excreted in urine |
Blood sugar level | Rise or Increased blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) | Normal blood glucose level |
Increased volume of urine is due to | Volume of urine increased due to osmotic effect of glucose | Volume of urine increased due to decreased absorption of water in renal tubules |
Disorder | It is pancreatic disorder | It is hypothalamic disorder |
Concentration of urine | Normal concentration | Very dilute urine |
Blood cholesterol level | Rises | Normal |
Polyphagia and Hunger | Excessive | Normal |
Ketone bodies in blood and urine | Present | Absent |
Volume of urine | Excessive | Enormous |
further reading: difference between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus